Government’s Internet Reforms: Vision vs Reality?

According to an official document, the Pakistani government has been working on a comprehensive set of reforms to transform the countryโ€™s internet services. These initiatives target improving digital connectivity, addressing long-standing challenges, and preparing the nation for a technology-driven future. With an emphasis on strengthening infrastructure, promoting broadband expansion, and advancing regulatory frameworks, these efforts aim to bridge the digital divide and meet the growing demand for fast and reliable internet. However, while the ambitions are commendable, achieving these goals requires overcoming significant hurdles and ensuring efficient execution.

The reforms that the government claims to be undertaking to improve internet services in Pakistan have been mentioned below:

Enhancing Submarine Cable Infrastructure

Pakistan has taken significant steps to strengthen this infrastructure, recognizing the essential role of submarine cables in global internet connectivity. The recent landing of the worldโ€™s largest submarine cable, the 2Africa cable, is a pivotal development. The cable is expected to become operational in Pakistan by the Q4 of 2025. It spans 45,000 kilometers and connects 46 locations across Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. It is also supported by a global consortium that includes Meta and Vodafone and boasts a capacity of 180 terabits per second.

Expanding Broadband Infrastructure

The government is actively promoting the expansion of fiber-optic broadband networks to provide high-speed internet, particularly in underserved urban and rural regions. This initiative aims to bridge the digital divide and ensure equitable access to modern communication services. Additionally, efforts are underway to develop and roll out 5G networks, which are anticipated to significantly boost internet speeds and connectivity across the country, offering faster data transmission and lower latency. The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has indicated that 5G internet service is expected to be introduced in Pakistan by April 2025. However, according to our research, the government may not be able to achieve this target.ย 

Implementation of the National Broadband Policy

The National Broadband Policy (NBP) has been implemented to ensure better internet connectivity nationwide. The policy focuses on improving access to high-speed internet, enhancing network quality, and expanding broadband penetration, especially in rural areas. The strategic framework is designed to create a more connected and technology-driven economy, aligning with the broader objectives of the Digital Pakistan Vision.

Collaborating with Internet Service Providers

The PTA works closely with Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to monitor and regulate service quality. ISPs are encouraged to upgrade their infrastructure and adopt modern technologies to improve internet speeds and meet the growing demand for data. They are also required to meet minimum service standards for speed and reliability, ensuring that consumers receive the quality of service they expect. This collaborative approach aims to foster a competitive environment that drives continuous improvement in service delivery.

Regulatory Oversight and Complaint Resolution

The PTA regularly monitors internet speeds and ensures that ISPs adhere to the required service quality standards. Consumers can lodge complaints regarding slow internet speeds, which the PTA investigates. If the complaint is valid, the PTA takes corrective action, such as directing ISPs to resolve the issue or imposing penalties if service standards are violated. This regulatory oversight plays a vital role in maintaining consumer trust and promoting accountability within the telecommunications sector.

Advancing the Digital Pakistan Vision

Under the Digital Pakistan Vision, the government aims to create a more connected and technology-driven economy. This includes efforts to digitize public services, expand e-commerce, and improve digital literacy, all of which require a reliable and fast internet infrastructure.

Upgrading Mobile Networks

The government has focused on upgrading mobile networks, particularly 4G LTE networks, to increase mobile internet speeds. However, litigation of 2.5 GHz spectrum which is essential for next generation mobile connectivity hasnโ€™t been resolved. Besides, the deployment of Wi-Fi hotspots in public spaces and educational institutions is being encouraged to provide faster internet access. These efforts are designed to accommodate the increasing reliance on mobile internet services and support the proliferation of smart devices.

Public Awareness and Support

The government, through the PTA, runs awareness campaigns to educate consumers on how to measure their internet speeds, troubleshoot common issues, and file complaints. This ensures that users are well-informed and able to take action if they experience slow speeds. Empowering consumers with knowledge is a key component of the governmentโ€™s strategy to improve overall service quality and user satisfaction.

Challenges and Considerations

Despite these ambitious reforms, several challenges persist. A recent report highlighted that Pakistan endured 9,735 hours of internet disruptions, affecting 82.9 million users, and leading to an estimated loss of $1.62 billion. These disruptions were largely attributed to political events, including elections and protests.

Additionally, infrastructure issues such as insufficient fiberization, power cuts, and outdated telecom infrastructure have been identified as significant contributors to slow internet speeds. The PTA has acknowledged these challenges and emphasized the need for comprehensive infrastructure development to address them effectively.

The implementation of a national internet firewall has also raised concerns. The Pakistan Software Houses Association (P@SHA) warned that the economy might face losses of up to millions of dollars due to internet disruptions caused by the firewall. These disruptions have led to prolonged internet disconnections and inconsistent VPN performance, severely impacting business operations.

Our Opinion

While the governmentโ€™s initiatives to enhance internet services are commendable, the realization of these goals requires addressing underlying challenges. Ensuring the timely completion of infrastructure projects, mitigating political and security-related disruptions, and promoting transparent regulatory practices are essential steps toward achieving a digitally connected Pakistan. The successful implementation of these reforms holds the promise of transforming Pakistanโ€™s digital landscape, but it necessitates sustained commitment and collaborative efforts from all stakeholders involved.

Also read:

USF&โ€™s Role in Providing Internet to Pakistanโ€™s Remote Areas: Successes & Challenges

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